Author Guidelines

Title
The title should be clear, concise, and informative, accurately reflecting the content of the article. Since titles are commonly used in indexing and search systems, the use of abbreviations and formulas should be avoided whenever possible. In certain cases, a question format may be used to attract readers’ attention.

Authors and Affiliations
Authors must provide their full names (given name and surname) correctly. Each author’s institutional affiliation should be listed below the name, indicated using lowercase superscript letters to match the corresponding addresses. Complete affiliation details, including full postal address, country, and email address, must be provided. Authors are also encouraged to include identifiers such as ORCID ID, Scopus ID, or Researcher ID.

Corresponding Author
One author must be designated as the corresponding author, who will manage all communication during the submission, peer review, and publication stages, as well as after publication. This includes responding to inquiries regarding the methodology and materials used in the study. A valid and up-to-date email address must be provided.

Abstract and Keywords
The abstract must be written in English, consisting of 200–250 words, and should include:

1. The purpose of the study
2. The research methods (design, data collection, and analysis)
3. The main findings
4. The implications of the study

Keywords should consist of 3–5 terms, written in lowercase (except for abbreviations), and separated by semicolons. Authors should use precise and relevant keywords to improve searchability in databases and search engines.

Main Text (IMRaD Structure)

Introduction
The introduction provides background information and context for the study. It outlines the research problem and situates it within the broader academic field. A brief review of relevant literature should be included to highlight existing studies and identify research gaps. The section should clearly state the research objectives or hypotheses and explain the significance and expected contributions of the study.

Methods and Theory
This section provides a comprehensive explanation of both the theoretical framework and the research methodology applied in the study, ensuring clarity, transparency, and reproducibility. It begins by outlining the key theories, concepts, or design approaches that underpin the research, establishing the conceptual foundation for analysis. In addition, the section describes the research design, including the overall approach used in the study. It details the participants or sample, data sources, materials or instruments, and procedures followed during the research process. The methods of data collection and analysis are also clearly explained, whether qualitative, quantitative, or practice-based

Results and Discussion
The results section presents the findings objectively, without interpretation, and may include tables, figures, or graphs. The discussion section interprets these findings, relates them to previous research, and explains their theoretical and practical significance. It should also address any limitations of the study and suggest directions for future research.

Conclusion
The conclusion summarizes the main findings and connects them to the research objectives. It highlights the contributions and implications of the study while acknowledging its limitations. Suggestions for future research may also be provided.

Acknowledgment
This section includes information about funding sources and expresses appreciation to individuals or institutions that contributed to the research and manuscript preparation.

 References
All sources cited in the text must be included in the reference list. Authors must follow these requirements:

• At least 80% of references should be primary sources (journal articles)
• A minimum of 20 references is required, preferably published within the last 10 years
• Reference management tools such as Mendeley, Zotero, or EndNote should be used
• The journal applies the American Psychological Association (APA) 7th Edition style

Figures and Illustrations
Figures should be presented in high quality and clarity. The use of appropriate software for graphs and visualisations is strongly recommended to ensure accuracy and readability.

Figure Captions
Each figure must include a caption consisting of a brief title and description. All symbols and abbreviations used in the figure should be clearly explained.

Permissions
Authors must obtain permission from copyright holders when using previously published figures and properly acknowledge the sources.

Tables

• Tables must be submitted as editable text, not images
• They may be placed within the text or at the end of the manuscript
• Tables should be numbered consecutively according to their appearance
• Avoid duplicating data already described in the text
• Vertical lines and excessive formatting should be avoided
• All tables must be cited in the text

Units
All measurements should follow the International System of Units (SI).

Citation in Text
All references cited in the text must appear in the reference list and vice versa. Unpublished data and personal communications should be avoided unless necessary. For web references, the full URL and date of access must be provided.

Reference Style
The journal uses the IEEE citation style. All references should be managed using reference management software such as Mendeley, EndNote, or Zotero.

Language
Manuscripts must be written in clear and grammatically correct American English. Authors are encouraged to use professional language editing services if needed.

Manuscript Template
Authors are required to prepare their manuscripts using the official journal template (Template here)